DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjavs.2025.v12i04.004

Pages: 165-169

Ocean acidification describes the decline in pH of marine environments as the continue to absorb carbon dioxide (CO2). Research over the past ~15 years has reported the levels of ocean acidification forecasted for the end of the century (CO2 ~800-1000 µatm; pH ~7.6-7.7) This process alters the chemical balance of seawater, leading to significant ecological impacts on marine life, particularly those species that rely on calcium carbonate for shell and skeleton formation. This paper explores the causes, mechanisms, and consequences of ocean acidification, as well as its broader implications for marine ecosystems, biodiversity, fisheries, and human societies. It also highlights potential mitigation strategies to address this pressing environmental challenge, the aim of this study is finding a good strategies to decrease the ocean acidification and decreasing the amount of CO2, also suggesting a suitable ways for protection the animals which effected by ocean acidification. Understanding these impacts is crucial to addressing one of the lesser-known but profoundly important aspects of global climate change.