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Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences | Volume-13 | Issue-10
Therapeutic Potential of Thymoquinone Against Malathion Induced Hepato-Toxicity in Fresh Water Major Carp Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822)
Preeti Tirkey, Raghuveer Kumar Gupta, Somenath Ghosh, Dr. Malabika Sikdar
Published: Oct. 10, 2025 | 39 40
Pages: 1422-1433
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Abstract
Wide use of the pesticide increases the possibility of causing undesirable toxicity in aquatic organisms. Pesticides cause toxicity in the environment via agricultural- run-offs and vector spray which are commonly used all over the world for crop protection from various pests. Malathionis is a widely used pesticide leads negative effects on the physiology of aquatic organisms principally in fishes. This study examines the curative effects of thymoquinone (a bioactive compound of Nigella sativa) on malathion induced toxicity in the Livers of Labeo rohita. Further study reveals its anti-oxidants activities in the Livers of Labeo rohita. For achieving this, mature Labeo rohita was taken and randomly divided into four groups (N=5/group) where one group was kept as control and three were experimental. Second group was exposed with malathion (M), 1 μg/L for 30 days, third group was treated with thymoquinone (TQ; 5mg/kg of body weight) alone treated group, fourth group was exposed with malathion followed by thymoquinone supplementation. After completion of experiments, all fish were sacrificed, and Livers dissected out from the body for further study analysis. To find the toxic effect of malathion on Livers, alteration in various biochemical indices including lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitrite content (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) along with histopathological changes were measured. The ultra-structure of Livers displays recovery in thymoquinone treated group which can be seen under the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Malathion treated group show damage in Livers as well as augmented amount of mucus on the Liver’s lamella, necrosis, and hyperplasia due to the malathion-induced toxicity. Malathione exposure also lowered anti-oxidants enzyme activity indicate by low SOD, CAT, GPx and GR (p<0.05) activities in Livers. Therefore, the findings corroborate the fact that malathion causes damage in L