DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjams.2025.v13i12.013

Pages: 2029-2034

Background: Oligohydramnios is a common antenatal finding associated with compromised fetal well-being and adverse perinatal outcomes. Its impact on neonatal morbidity and maternal outcomes remains a concern, particularly in resource-limited settings. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of oligohydramnios on fetomaternal outcomes in pregnancies managed at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from December 2009 to June 2010. Fifty pregnant women with sonographically confirmed oligohydramnios between 34 and 40 weeks of gestation were included. Maternal characteristics, severity of oligohydramnios, neonatal condition at birth, perinatal morbidity and mortality, and postpartum maternal complications were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The majority of women were multiparous (76%), and 70% delivered preterm. Borderline oligohydramnios was observed in 64% and severe oligohydramnios in 36% of cases. Low birth weight was noted in 66% of neonates. More than half (56%) required neonatal intensive care admission, with respiratory distress syndrome (26%) and meconium aspiration syndrome (28%) being the most frequent complications. Perinatal mortality was low. Postpartum maternal complications occurred in 16.7% of caesarean deliveries, while vaginal deliveries were uncomplicated. Conclusion: Oligohydramnios is associated with considerable neonatal morbidity and increased perinatal risk, though maternal morbidity remains relatively limited. Vigilant antenatal monitoring and timely intervention are crucial to improving outcomes.