DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sasjm.2026.v12i05.011

Pages: 423-431

Sarcomas are rare malignant tumors. Within this category, among liposarcomas, the myxoid type is the most frequent subtype. Abdominal liposarcomas are most often retroperitoneal and can reach considerable sizes before becoming clinically detectable due to their slow and insidious progression, which frequently leads to delayed diagnosis. Clinical presentation is variable and depends on tumor size and location. It most commonly manifests as a large abdominal mass responsible for abdominal distension, with or without abdominal pain or compressive symptoms. On imaging, myxoid liposarcoma typically appears as a large solid-cystic mass exerting compressive effects, particularly on digestive structures. Histologically, it is distinguished from other liposarcomas by its characteristic myxoid component. Treatment consists of complete surgical resection of the tumor. We report a case of retroperitoneal myxoid liposarcoma in a 50-year-old patient revealed by a progressively enlarging painful abdominal mass. Management consisted of complete tumor excision. Histological examination confirmed a low-grade myxoid liposarcoma. No adjuvant therapy was deemed necessary, with favorable postoperative outcome. The aim of this work is to report, through this case, the clinical and radiological features of myxoid liposarcoma, to detail the elements of positive and topographic diagnosis, and to highlight the differential diagnostic challenges encountered in imaging. The histopathological section addresses the current classification of liposarcomas, which has undergone modifications compared to previous versions, the understanding of which allows a better imaging approach to these tumors.