DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2026.v14i07.004

Pages: 514-520

Biopesticides including microbial, botanical, and biochemical agents represent sustainable alternatives to conventional synthetic pesticides. The insect gut microbiome plays a decisive role in determining biopesticide efficacy by modulating toxin activation, immune signaling, pathogen establishment, and detoxification pathways. Biopesticide-induced gut dysbiosis is a key driver of insect mortality, while certain microbial taxa confer resistance through enzymatic detoxification and immune priming. This review examines molecular interactions between biopesticides and the insect gut microbiome, discusses immune modulation mechanisms, and highlights emerging microbiome engineering strategies for advancing sustainable pest management.