DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjams.2026.v14i07.006

Pages: 1037-1042

Background: Coma is a severe disorder of consciousness and represents a frequent medical and surgical emergency associated with high morbidity and mortality. Early identification of prognostic factors remains a major challenge in intensive care. Aim: To describe the epidemiological profile of patients admitted for coma to a general intensive care unit (ICU) and to identify predictors of mortality. Methods: We conducted an observational retrospective study including 100 patients admitted for coma (Glasgow Coma Scale ≤12) to the ICU of Lalla Aicha Hospital in Temara-Rabat between August 2024 and May 2025. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and outcome data were collected using a standardized data collection form. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors independently associated with mortality. Results: Coma accounted for 21.6% of ICU admissions. The median age of patients was 55.5 years, with a male predominance (male-to-female ratio 2.3). Non-traumatic coma represented 67% of cases, while traumatic coma accounted for 33%. Metabolic causes were the most frequent non-traumatic etiologies (30%), followed by infectious (15%), neurological (13%) and toxic causes (9%). Overall mortality was 38%. In univariate analysis, mortality was associated with advanced age, anemia, duration of coma and higher SOFA score. In multivariate analysis, a SOFA score ≥10 remained the only independent predictor of mortality (OR 24.5; 95% CI 7.55–79.6; p < 0.01). Conclusion: Mortality among patients admitted for coma to the ICU remains high. The severity of organ dysfunction assessed by the SOFA score appears to be a major determinant of prognosis. Early risk stratification at ICU admission may help optimize management and improve patient outcomes.