DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjams.2026.v14i08.007

Pages: 1125-1130

Background: Uterine cavity abnormalities and tubal pathology are important causes of female infertility. Saline infusion sonography (SIS) and hysterosalpingography (HSG) are commonly used to evaluate these factors, although their diagnostic findings may differ. Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 110 women undergoing infertility evaluation. Participants were selected using purposive sampling. All women underwent SIS and HSG and findings related to uterine cavity abnormalities and fallopian tube patency were compared. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Results: Primary infertility was present in 60.9% of participants and infertility lasting more than five years was observed in 40.9%. SIS detected more endometrial polyps (14.5% vs. 6.4%) and submucosal fibroids (10.0% vs. 7.3%) than HSG. In contrast, intrauterine adhesions were identified more frequently by HSG (11.8% vs. 8.2%). Bilateral tubal patency was observed in 61.8% by SIS and 64.5% by HSG. Tubal abnormalities were detected in 29.1% and 33.6% by SIS and HSG, respectively. SIS identified uterine cavity abnormalities more frequently than HSG (35.5% vs. 26.4%), while HSG showed a slightly higher detection of tubal abnormalities; however, these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: SIS was more effective in detecting focal uterine cavity abnormalities, whereas HSG showed a slight advantage in evaluating tubal pathology. Both modalities provide complementary information and may improve the overall assessment of women undergoing infertility evaluation.