DOI: 10.36347/sasjm.2016.v02i06.009

Pages: 166-171

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with India bearing a disproportionate burden. Regional data on the clinical and radiological characteristics of COPD patients from South India remain limited. This study aimed to describe the clinical and radiological profile of COPD patients attending a tertiary care hospital in South India. Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Respiratory Medicine at a tertiary care hospital in South India over a six-month period from June 2015 to December 2015. A total of 50 consecutive patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COPD based on GOLD criteria (post-bronchodilator FEV₁/FVC < 0.70) were enrolled. Data on demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, risk factor exposure, spirometric parameters, and radiological findings were collected using a structured proforma. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. Results: The study population comprised 50 patients with a mean age of 61.5 ± 10.2 years, with a male preponderance (80%). The most common presenting symptoms were breathlessness (96%) and chronic cough (88%). Smoking was the predominant risk factor (80%), with a mean smoking index of 425 ± 180. Biomass fuel exposure was documented in 12% of patients. According to GOLD grading, 6% had mild, 28% moderate, 42% severe, and 24% very severe airflow obstruction. Chest X-ray findings included hyperinflation in 72%, flattened diaphragms in 56%, and increased broncho-vascular markings in 48% of patients. Conclusion: COPD in this South Indian tertiary care setting predominantly affects elderly males with a significant smoking history. The majority of patients present with moderate-to-severe airflow obstruction, highlighting the need for early detection and intervention. Radiological findings are consistent with hyperinflation and emphysematous changes, with significant correlatio